A powerful explosion at an iron and steel factory in western Türkiye has killed at least 16 workers and injured 13 others, turning a routine industrial maintenance operation into one of the country’s deadliest recent workplace disasters.
The explosion occurred on Monday, November 9, at the HABAS Iron and Steel Plant in Aliaga, a district in Izmir province. The facility is located around 60 kilometres north of the city of Izmir.
The blast was followed by a major fire and sent thick smoke into the sky above the industrial complex. Emergency teams, firefighters and rescue workers rushed to the site to control the flames, search damaged sections of the plant and help injured employees.
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan confirmed the updated casualty figures after a Cabinet meeting in Ankara. He said judicial and administrative investigations had been launched to establish exactly how the disaster happened and whether anyone had failed to follow safety requirements.
Crane collapse believed to have triggered the explosion
Initial information from local authorities indicates that the explosion took place during maintenance work involving the replacement of a boiler.
Izmir Governor Suleyman Elban said an overhead crane collapsed while the operation was under way. The crane and the material it was carrying reportedly fell into an electric arc furnace used in the steelmaking process.
The impact damaged equipment and a natural gas line, triggering the explosion and fire inside the plant. The precise sequence of events and the technical reasons behind the crane’s collapse remain under investigation.
The incident happened at approximately 11:46 a.m. local time. The factory was carrying out maintenance work rather than operating at its normal production level.
Authorities said around 200 workers were present at the facility during the operation. The number was lower than the workforce usually present during regular production shifts.
Rescue teams faced a difficult operation
The force of the explosion damaged parts of the industrial facility and left debris in the affected area. Rescue teams worked to reach people who were trapped or could not immediately be accounted for.
The injured workers were taken to hospitals for medical treatment. Two of them were reported to be in critical condition in the latest widely reported update.
The changing casualty figures during the first hours after the blast reflected the difficulty of assessing the damage while rescue operations were continuing. Early official updates gave lower numbers, while later statements raised the confirmed death toll.
The latest reports available on November 10 put the toll at 16 dead and 13 injured. Some headlines and early accounts have carried different figures, including 17 deaths. The final official count may be clarified as the investigation and verification process progresses.
Government orders investigation into possible negligence
The Turkish government has promised to examine the circumstances of the explosion, including whether workplace safety procedures were followed and whether negligence contributed to the disaster.
Erdogan said the investigation would establish how and why the incident occurred and identify anyone found responsible. Judicial and administrative inquiries are being conducted separately to examine possible criminal responsibility and workplace oversight.
Four public prosecutors have reportedly been assigned to the case. Their work is expected to include examining the damaged equipment, collecting evidence, reviewing maintenance procedures and questioning people connected with the operation.
The investigation will need to establish whether the crane was suitable for the work, whether it had been properly inspected and whether the maintenance operation was carried out under safe conditions.
It will also be important to determine whether the damaged gas line played a direct role in the explosion and whether the factory had appropriate emergency systems in place.
No final conclusion about negligence or individual responsibility has been announced. Such questions will depend on the findings of the official investigation.
Workers’ safety concerns return to the spotlight
The disaster has renewed attention on industrial safety in Türkiye, particularly in workplaces where heavy machinery, high temperatures, electricity and combustible materials are used together.
Steel production involves complex operations. Electric arc furnaces can reach extremely high temperatures, while cranes and other heavy equipment are used to move materials around the production area. Maintenance work can create additional risks because machinery may be dismantled, replaced or operated under conditions different from normal production.
Workers’ groups have raised concerns about safety conditions at the HABAS facility. Some have pointed to earlier fatal incidents at the plant and called for stronger workplace protections.
These claims need to be examined by investigators rather than treated as established findings. However, the concerns have added pressure for a transparent inquiry into the latest explosion.
The central questions are whether the factory had adequate inspection systems, whether workers were properly protected during maintenance and whether the risks associated with the operation had been assessed in advance.
A major industrial facility faces scrutiny
HABAS is a privately owned Turkish industrial group and one of the country’s major steel producers. The company established the plant in 1987, and its steel production capacity has been reported at approximately 4.5 million tonnes annually.
The scale of the facility makes the incident significant for the local industrial sector as well as for the families of the workers affected.
The immediate priority remains medical care for the injured, support for the families of those killed and the completion of rescue and safety operations at the site. Authorities will also need to assess the condition of the damaged equipment and determine when the facility can safely resume operations.
The explosion has left serious questions about industrial risk management and the protection of workers during high-risk maintenance activities. The findings of the investigation will be crucial in determining whether the disaster was an unforeseeable equipment failure or the result of preventable safety failures.
For the families who have lost loved ones, the immediate concern is the recovery of those injured and clear answers about what happened. For the wider industrial sector, the tragedy is a reminder that safety checks and maintenance standards are essential, particularly in facilities where a single equipment failure can have devastating consequences.
